The scientific name of an organism is constituted with two
parts. The first part of the name denotes the genus to which the species
belongs; the second part identifies the species within the genus. The
scientific name of potato is Solanum tuberosome, for example. The word solanum
and tuberosome denote the genus and species name of potato respectively. The
system of scientific naming of an organism with two parts is termed as binomial
nomenclature. The binomial nomenclature serves only one aim, and that is to know
every organism by its unambiguous name. The scientific naming of an organism is
accomplished in accordance with some rules and regulations set internationally.
The scientific name of animals and plants should be accorded with the declared
principles of International
Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) and International
Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) respectively. In fact, the codes are
documented in a printed form. As the scientific naming of an organism is
expressed in the language Latin, a legitimate name is unambiguously accepted
throughout the whole world.
The great Swedish naturalist Carolus Linnaeus
laid the foundations for the modern simpler system of naming organisms and
effectively began the task with his book Species Plantarum in
1753; the original description of naming organism is found in the tenth
edition of his work Systema
naturae in 1757. He defined the term species and genus, and used the
ranks of classification class, order, genus and species in his work. The
introduction of the formal system of naming organism by Carolus Linnaeus is
undoubtedly a striking step in the history of biology. Some of the notable
principles of binomial nomenclature are mentioned below:
1.
The language of scientific naming of an organism
would be Latin.
2.
Every scientific name should have two parts, and
the genus name always comes first followed by the species name.
3.
The scientific name of any organism should have
to be unique because a same legitimate name cannot be used for naming two
distinct organisms.
4.
The first alphabet of the first name would be in
capital letter with the remaining alphabets in small type, and the second part
of the name totally would be with small letters. For example, Onion- Allium
cepa, Lion – Panthera lea.
5.
At the time of printing of a scientific name, it
should be done with Italic type. Rice-
6.
Oryza sativa, Katla fish- Catla catla,
for example.
7.
When a scientific name would be written in hand,
two parts of it should be separately underlined. For example, Oryza sativa, Catla
catla.
8.
If the scientific name of an organism is named
by some scientists, the earliest legitimate name given by the first scientist
will be accepted in accordance with the rules of priority.
9.
The name of the author who would scientifically
name an organism can be cited in abbreviated form at the end of the binomial
name with mentioning of the year of naming.
List of scientific names of animals
Amphibians
|
Common name
|
Scientific name
|
|
African clawed frog
|
Xenopus laevis
|
|
American pig frog
|
Rana grylio
|
|
Boreal toad
|
Bufo boreas boreas
|
|
Bullfrog
|
Rana catesbeiana
|
|
Chiricahua leopard
frog
|
Rana chiricahuensis
|
|
Chorus frogs
|
Pseudacris spp.
|
|
Common European frog
|
Rana temporaria
|
|
Edible frog
|
Rana esculenta
|
|
Giant barred frog
|
Mixophyes iteratus
|
|
Green frog
|
Rana clamitans
|
|
Harlequin frog
|
Atelopus varius
|
|
Marsh frog (lake frog)
|
Rana ridibunda
|
|
Mole salamander
|
Ambystoma talpoideum
|
|
Northern leopard frog
|
Rana pipiens
|
|
Northern red-legged
frog
|
Rana aurora
|
|
Ornate burrowing frog
|
Limnodynastes ornatus
|
|
Spotted salamander
|
Ambystoma maculatum
|
|
Tiger salamander
|
Ambystoma tigrinum
|
|
True frogs
|
Rana spp.
|
|
Wood frog
|
Rana sylvatica
|
Arthropods
|
Common name
|
Scientific name
|
|
American dog tick
|
Dermacentor variabilis
|
|
Asian tiger mosquito
|
Aedes albopictus
|
|
Bedbugs
|
Cimex spp.
|
|
Bird tick
|
Haemaphysalis
chordeilis
|
|
Black-legged tick
|
Ixodes scapularis
(formerly Ixodes dammini)
|
|
Brown recluse spider
|
Loxosceles reclusa
|
|
Deer flies
|
Chrysops spp.
|
|
Deer tick
|
Ixodes scapularis (formerly Ixodes dammini)
|
|
European castor bean
tick
|
Ixodes ricinus
|
|
Gamasid mites
|
Hirstionyssus spp.
|
|
Horse flies
|
Tabanus spp.
|
|
Lice
|
Pediculus humanus
|
|
Lone star tick
|
Amblyomma americanum
|
|
Mange mite (itch mite,
scabies)
|
Sarcoptes scabiei
|
|
Marsh tick (ornate cow
tick)
|
Dermacentor
reticulatus
|
|
Meadow tick
|
Dermacentor pictus
|
|
Midges
|
Culicoides spp.
|
|
Moose tick (winter
tick)
|
Dermacentor albipictus
|
|
New World screwworm
|
Cochliomyia
hominivorax
|
|
Ornate sheep tick
|
Dermacentor marginatus
|
|
Pacific Coast tick
|
Dermacentor
occidentalis
|
|
Rabbit dermacentor
|
Dermacentor
parumapertus
|
|
Rabbit tick
|
Haemaphysalis
leporispalustris
|
|
Taiga tick
|
Ixodes persulcatus
|
|
Western black-legged
tick
|
Ixodes pacificus
|
|
Wood tick (Rocky
Mountain wood tick)
|
Dermacentor andersoni
|
Birds
|
Common name
|
Scientific name
|
|
Adelie penguin
|
Pygoscelis adeliae
|
|
American coot
|
Fulica americana
|
|
American crow
|
Corvus brachyrhynchos
|
|
American robin
|
Turdus migratorius
|
|
American woodcock
|
Scolopax minor
|
|
Atlantic brant (brant)
|
Branta bernicla
|
|
Azure-winged magpie
|
Cyanopica cyanus
|
|
Bald eagle
|
Haliaeetus
leucocephalus
|
|
Band-tailed pigeon
|
Columba fasciata
|
|
Barn swallow
|
Hirundo rustica
|
|
Black kite
|
Milvus migrans (formerly Milvus korschun)
|
|
Black-billed magpie
(common magpie)
|
Pica pica
|
|
Black-headed gull
|
Larus ridibundus
|
|
Blue grouse
|
Dendragapus obscurus
|
|
Bobwhite quail
(northern bobwhite)
|
Colinus virginianus
|
|
Brandt’s cormorant
|
Phalacrocorax
penicillatus
|
|
Brown pelican
|
Pelecanus occidentalis
|
|
Brown skua
|
Catharacta antarctica
|
|
California gull
|
Larus californicus
|
|
Canada goose
|
Branta canadensis
|
|
Cape cormorant
|
Phalacrocorax capensis
|
|
Capercaillie
|
Tetrao urogallus
|
|
Chicken, domestic
|
Gallus domesticus
|
|
Chukar partridge
(chukar)
|
Alectoris chukar
|
|
Common eider
|
Somateria mollissima
|
|
Common loon
|
Gavia immer
|
|
Common moorhen
|
Gallinula chloropus
|
|
Common noddy (brown
noddy)
|
Anous stolidus
|
|
Common tern
|
Sterna hirundo
|
|
Copper pheasant
|
Syrmaticus
soemmerringii
|
|
Cormorants
|
Phalacrocorax spp.
|
|
Corncrake Crows
|
Crex crex Corvus spp.
|
|
Double-crested
cormorant
|
Phalacrocorax auritus
|
|
Eared grebe
|
Podiceps nigricollis
|
|
Eastern screech-owl
|
Megascops asio (formerly Otus asio)
|
|
Emperor penguin
|
Aptenodytes forsteri
|
|
Eurasian blackbird
|
Turdus merula
|
|
Eurasian buzzard
(common buzzard)
|
Buteo buteo
|
|
Franklin’s gull
|
Larus pipixcan
|
|
Goshawk (northern
goshawk) Gray
|
Accipiter gentilis
|
|
moorhen (common
moorhen)
|
Gallinula chloropus
|
|
Gray partridge
(Hungarian partridge)
|
Perdix perdix Larus
|
|
Great black-backed
gull
|
marinus Strix
|
|
Great gray owl
|
nebulosa Bubo
|
|
Great horned owl
|
virginianus Anas
|
|
Green-winged teal
|
crecca Larus
|
|
Herring gull
|
argentatus Corvus
|
|
Hooded crow
|
cornix
|
|
Horned lark
|
Eremophila alpestris
|
|
House finch
|
Carpodacus mexicanus
|
|
Indian long-billed
vulture
|
Gyps indicus
|
|
Indian white-backed
vulture
|
Gyps bengalensis
|
|
Japanese quail
|
Coturnix coturnix
|
|
Lesser scaup
|
Aythya affinis
|
|
Loggerhead shrike
|
Lanius ludovicianus
|
|
Long-tailed duck
|
Clangula hyemalis
|
Corals
|
Common name
|
Scientific name
|
|
Blushing star coral
|
Stephanocoenia
michelini
|
|
Brain coral (boulder
brain coral)
|
Colpophyllia natans
|
|
Elkhorn coral
|
Acropora palmata
|
|
Fire coral
|
Millepora alcicornis
|
|
Massive starlet coral
|
Siderastrea siderea
|
|
Mountainous star coral
|
Montastraea faveolata
|
|
Sea fan corals
|
Gorgonia spp.
|
|
Staghorn coral
|
Acropora cervicornis
|
|
Star coral (great star
coral)
|
Montastraea cavernosa
|
Echinoderms
|
Common name
|
Scientific name
|
|
Black (long-spined)
sea urchin
|
Diadema antillarum
|
|
Green sea urchin
|
Strongylocentrotus
droebachiensis
|
Finfish
|
Common name
|
Scientific name
|
|
Amago salmon
|
Oncorhynchus rhodurus
|
|
Atlantic cod
|
Gadus morhua
|
|
Atlantic halibut
|
Hippoglossus
hippoglossus
|
|
Atlantic herring
|
Clupea harengus
|
|
Atlantic menhaden
|
Brevoortia tyrannus
|
|
Atlantic salmon
|
Salmo salar
|
|
Bicolor damselfish
|
Stegastes partitus
|
|
Bighead carp
|
Hypophthalmichthys
nobilis (formerly
Aristichthys nobilis)
|
|
Blue tilapia
|
Oreochromis aureus (formerly Tilapia aurea)
|
|
Bluefish
|
Pomatomus saltatrix
|
|
Brown trout
|
Salmo trutta
|
|
Carp
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
|
Catfish
|
Ictalurus spp.
|
|
Catfish (European)
(black bullhead)
|
Ameiurus melas (formerly Ictalurus melas)
|
|
Channel catfish
|
Ictalurus punctatus
|
|
Char
|
Salvelinus alpinus
|
|
Chinook salmon
|
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
|
|
Chum salmon
|
Oncorhynchus keta
|
|
Cod
|
Gadus morhua
|
|
Coho salmon
|
Oncorhynchus kisutch
|
|
Common carp
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
|
Crucian carp
|
Carassius carassius
|
|
Dolphin (mahi-mahi)
|
Coryphaena hippurus
|
|
Dusky spinefoot
|
Siganus fuscescens
|
|
European brown trout
(brown trout)
|
Salmo trutta
|
|
Goldfish
|
Carassius auratus
|
|
Grass carp
|
Ctenopharyngodon
idella
|
|
Grayling
|
Thymallus thymallus
|
|
Haddock
|
Melanogrammus
aeglefinus
|
|
Herring
|
Clupea spp.
|
|
Humpback chub
|
Gila cypha
|
|
Hybrid striped
(sunshine) bass
|
Morone chrysops x Morone saxatilis
|
|
Iberian (Spanish)
toothcarp
|
Aphanius iberus
|
|
Japanese flounder
|
Paralichthys olivaceus
|
|
Japanese horse
mackerel
|
Trachurus japonicus
|
|
Japanese madaka
|
Oryzias latipes
|
|
Japanese parrotfish
|
Oplegnathus fasciatus
|
|
Koi
|
Cyprinus carpio
|
|
Kokanee salmon
|
Oncorhynchus nerka
|
|
Lamprey
|
Lampetra spp., Ichthyomyzon spp., Petromyzon spp.
|
|
Largemouth bass
|
Micropterus salmoides
|
|
Mackerel
|
Scomber spp.
|
|
Macquarie perch
|
Macquaria australasica
|
|
Masu salmon
|
Oncorhynchus masou
|
|
Menhaden
|
Brevoortia tyrannus
|
|
Mosquito fish
|
Gambusia affinis
|
|
Mountain galaxias
|
Galaxias olidus
|
|
Mozambique tilapia
|
Oreochromis
mossambicus
|
|
Nile tilapia
|
Oreochromis niloticus
|
|
Northern anchovy
|
Engraulis mordax
|
|
Northern pike
|
Esox lucius
|
|
Pacific cod
|
Gadus macrocephalus
|
|
Pacific herring
|
Clupea harengus
pallasi
|
|
Pacific salmon
|
Oncorhynchus spp.
|
|
Pike
|
Esox spp.
|
|
Pilchard
|
Sardinops
neopilchardus
|
|
Pink salmon
|
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
|
|
Rainbow trout
|
Oncorhynchus mykiss
|
|
Red sea bream
|
Pagrus major (formerly Chrysophrys major)
|
|
Redbelly tilapia
|
Tilapia zillii
|
|
Redfin perch
|
Perca fluviatilis
|
|
Rockling
|
Ciliata mustela (formerly Onos mustelus)
|
|
Round goby
|
Neogobius melanostomus
|
|
Saint Peter’s fish
|
Tilapia spp.
|
|
Sea bass
|
Dicentrarchus labrax
|
|
Sheatfish
|
Silurus glanis
|
|
Silver carp
|
Hypophthalmichthys
molitrix
|
|
Silver perch
|
Bidyanus bidyanus
|
|
Snapper
|
Chrysophrys auratus (formerly Pagrus auratus)
|
|
Sockeye salmon
|
Oncorhynchus nerka
|
|
Sprat
|
Sprattus sprattus
|
|
Steelhead trout
|
Oncorhynchus mykiss
|
|
Stickleback fish
|
Gasterosteus spp.
|
|
Striped bass
|
Morone saxatilis
|
|
Tench
|
Tinca tinca
|
|
Tilapia
|
Oreochromis
mossambicus (fomerly Tilapia
mossambica)
|
|
Tilapid
|
Oreochromis spp. (formerly Tilapia spp.)
|
|
Tuna
|
Thunnus spp.
|
|
Turbot
|
Psetta maxima (formerly Scophthalmus maximus)
|
|
Wami tilapia
|
Oreochromis urolepis
|
|
White sturgeon
|
Acipenser
transmontanus
|
|
Whitefish
|
Coregonus spp.
|
|
Whitefish (lake
whitefish)
|
Coregonus clupeaformis
|
|
Yamame salmon
|
Oncorhynchus masou
|
|
Yellow perch (lake
perch)
|
Perca flavescens
|
|
Yellowtail
|
Seriola quinqueradiata
|
Mammals
|
Common name
|
Scientific name
|
|
African elephant
|
Loxodonta africana
|
|
African green monkey
|
Chlorocebus aethiops
|
|
African lion (lion)
|
Panthera leo
|
|
African wild dog
|
Lycaon pictus
|
|
American alligator
|
Alligator
mississippiensis
|
|
American badger
|
Taxidea taxus
|
|
American black bear
(black bear)
|
Ursus americanus
|
|
Antelope squirrel
|
Ammospermophilus spp.
|
|
Arctic fox
|
Vulpes lagopus
|
|
Asian elephant
|
Elephas maximus
|
|
Atlantic bottlenose
dolphin
|
Tursiops truncatus
|
|
Atlantic spotted
dolphin
|
Stenella frontalis
|
|
Atlantic walrus
|
Odobenus rosmarus
|
|
Atlantic white-sided
dolphin
|
Lagenorhynchus acutus
|
|
Australian sea lion
|
Neophoca cinerea
|
|
Axis deer
|
Axis axis
|
|
Baikal seal
|
Pusa sibirica (formerly Phoca sibirica)
|
|
Banded mongoose
|
Mungos mungo
|
|
Beaver
|
Castor canadensis
|
|
Bighorn sheep
|
Ovis canadensis
|
|
Bison (American bison)
|
Bison bison
|
|
Black Sea common
dolphin
|
Delphinus delphis
|
|
Blackbuck antelope
|
Antilope cervicapra
|
|
Black-footed ferret
|
Mustela nigripes
|
|
Black-tailed
jackrabbit
|
Lepus californicus
|
|
Blue hare (mountain
hare, varying hare)
|
Lepus timidus
|
|
Bobcat
|
Lynx rufus
|
|
Brush rabbit
|
Sylvilagus bachmani
|
|
Brush-tailed possums
|
Trichosurus spp.
|
|
Buffalo (African
buffalo, cape buffalo)
|
Syncerus caffer
|
|
Burmeister’s porpoise
|
Phocoena spinipinnis
|
|
Bushy-tailed woodrat
|
Neotoma cinerea
|
|
California ground
squirrel
|
Spermophilus beecheyi (formerly Citellus beecheyi)
|
|
California meadow vole
|
Microtus californicus
|
|
California sea lion
|
Zalophus californianus
|
|
California sea otter
|
Enhydra lutris
|
|
California vole
|
Microtus californicus
|
|
Camel
|
Camelus spp.
|
|
Canyon mouse
|
Peromyscus crinitus
|
|
Cape hare (European
hare)
|
Lepus capensis
|
|
Capybara
|
Hydrochaeris
hydrochaeris
|
|
Caribou
|
Rangifer tarandus
|
|
Caspian seal
|
Pusa caspica (fomerly Phoca caspica)
|
|
Cat, domestic
|
Felis silvestris (formerly Felis catus)
|
|
Cattle, domestic
|
Bos taurus
|
|
Chacma baboon
|
Papio ursinus
|
|
Chamois
|
Rupicapra rupicapra
|
|
Chimpanzee
|
Pan troglodytes
|
|
Chinchilla
|
Chinchilla spp.
|
|
Chisel-toothed
kangaroo rat
|
Dipodomys microps
|
|
Cliff chipmunk
|
Tamias dorsalis
|
|
Coatimundi
|
Nasua narica
|
|
Collared peccary
|
Pecari tajacu
|
|
Columbian ground
squirrel
|
Spermophilus
columbianus
|
|
Common dolphin
|
Delphinus delphis
|
|
Cotton rats
|
Sigmodon spp.
|
|
Cottontail rabbit
(Eastern cottontail)
|
Sylvilagus floridanus
|
|
Cottontail rabbits
|
Sylvilagus spp.
|
|
Cougar (mountain lion,
puma)
|
Puma concolor (formerly Felis concolor)
|
|
Coyote
|
Canis latrans
|
|
Cynomolgus macaque
|
Macaca fascicularis
|
|
Deer mouse
|
Peromyscus maniculatus
|
|
Delmarva Peninsula fox
squirrel
|
Sciurus niger cinereus
(formerly Sciurus
cinereus)
|
|
Desert bighorn sheep
|
Ovis canadensis
|
|
Desert cottontail
|
Sylvilagus audubonii
|
|
Desert woodrat
|
Neotoma lepida
|
|
Dingo
|
Canis lupus (formerly Canis dingo)
|
|
Dog, domestic Dusky
|
Canis lupus (formerly Canis familiaris)
|
|
dolphin Dusky-footed
|
Lagenorhynchus
obscurus
|
|
woodrat Eastern
|
Neotoma fuscipes
|
|
chipmunk
|
Tamias striatus
|
|
Eastern spotted skunk
|
Spilogale putorius
|
|
Elk
|
Cervus elaphus
|
|
Ethiopian wolf
|
Canis simensis
|
|
European badger
|
Meles meles
|
|
European brown hare
(brown hare, European hare)
|
Lepus europaeus
|
|
European rabbit
|
Oryctolagus cuniculus
|
|
European red squirrel
|
Sciurus vulgaris
|
|
European wildcat
|
Felis silvestris
|
|
Fallow deer
|
Dama dama
|
|
Feral swine
|
Sus scrofa
|
|
Fin whale
|
Balaenoptera physalus
|
|
Florida manatee
|
Trichechus manatus
latirostris
|
|
Flying squirrels
|
Glaucomys spp.
|
|
Forest rabbit
|
Sylvilagus
brasiliensis
|
|
Fox squirrel
|
Sciurus niger
|
|
Gambian rat
|
Cricetomys gambianus
|
|
Giraffe
|
Giraffa camelopardalis
|
|
Goat, domestic
|
Capra hircus
|
|
Golden lion tamarin
|
Leontopithecus rosalia
|
|
Grasscutter
|
Thryonomys
swinderianus
|
|
Gray fox
|
Urocyon
cinereoargenteus
|
|
Gray seal
|
Halichoerus grypus
|
|
Gray squirrel
|
Sciurus carolinensis
Canis
|
|
Gray wolf (timber
wolf)
|
lupus
|
|
Great Basin kangaroo
rat
|
Dipodomys microps
|
|
Great Basin pocket
mouse
|
Perognathus parvus
|
|
Great fruit-eating bat
|
Artibeus lituratus
|
|
Great gerbil
|
Rhombomys opimus
|
|
Gunnison’s prairie dog
|
Cynomys gunnisoni
|
|
Harbor porpoise
|
Phocoena phocoena
|
|
Harbor seal
|
Phoca vitulina Lepus
|
|
Hare
|
spp.
|
|
Harp seal
|
Pagophilus
groenlandicus (formerly Phoca
groenlandica)
|
|
Hawaiian monk seal
|
Monachus schauinslandi
|
|
Hooded seal Horse,
|
Cystophora cristata
|
|
domestic
|
Equus caballus
|
|
House mouse
|
Mus musculus
|
|
Hyenas
|
Crocuta spp. or Hyaena spp.
|
|
Ibex
|
Capra ibex
|
|
Jackal
|
Canis spp.
|
|
Japanese hare
|
Lepus brachyurus
|
|
Kit fox
|
Vulpes macrotis
|
|
Least chipmunk
|
Tamias minimus
|
|
Lemming
|
Lemmus spp.
|
|
Lesser kudu
|
Tragelaphus imberbis
|
|
Llama
|
Lama glama
|
|
Long-finned pilot
whale
|
Globicephala melas (formerly Globicephala melaena)
|
|
Long-tailed pocket
mouse
|
Chaetodipus formosus
|
|
Macaque
|
Macaca spp.
|
|
Manatee
|
Trichechus manatus
|
|
Masked palm civet
|
Paguma larvata
|
|
Meadow vole
|
Microtus
pennsylvanicus
|
|
Meadow vole (meadow
mouse)
|
Microtus
pennsylvanicus
|
|
Mediterranean monk
seal
|
Monachus monachus
|
|
Meerkat
|
Suricata suricatta
|
|
Mink
|
Mustela vison
|
|
Montane vole
|
Microtus montanus
|
|
Moose
|
Alces alces
|
|
Mouflon
|
Ovis aries (formerly Ovis musimon)
|
|
Mountain cottontail
rabbit
|
Sylvilagus nuttallii
|
|
Mountain goat
|
Oreamnos americanus
|
|
Mountain gorilla (gorilla)
|
Gorilla gorilla
|
|
Mountain hare (blue
hare, varying hare)
|
Lepus timidus
|
|
Mule deer
|
Odocoileus hemionus
|
|
Muntjac deer
|
Muntiacus spp.
|
|
Muskrat
|
Ondatra zibethicus
|
|
New Zealand fur seal
|
Arctocephalus forsteri
|
|
New Zealand sea lion
|
Phocarctos hookeri
|
|
Northern fur seal
|
Callorhinus ursinus
|
|
Norway rat
|
Rattus norvegicus
|
|
Old World rabbit
|
Oryctolagus cuniculus
|
|
Olive baboon
|
Papio hamadryas anubis
|
|
Opossum (Virginia
opossum)
|
Didelphis virginiana
|
|
Ord’s kangaroo rat
|
Dipodomys ordii
|
|
Osgood white-footed
mouse
|
Peromyscus spp.
|
|
Pacific bottlenose
dolphin
|
Tursiops truncatus
|
|
Pacific common dolphin
|
Delphinus delphis
|
|
Pacific harbor seal
|
Phoca vitulina
richardsi
|
|
Pantropical spotted
dolphin
|
Stenella attenuata
|
|
Pig, domestic
|
Sus scrofa
|
|
Pine marten
|
Martes spp.
|
|
Pinyon mouse
|
Peromyscus truei
|
|
Piute ground squirrel
|
Spermophilus mollis
|
|
Polar bear
|
Ursus maritimus
|
|
Porcupine
|
Erethizon dorsatum
|
|
Prairie dog
|
Cynomys spp.
|
|
Pronghorn (pronghorn
antelope)
|
Antilocapra americana
|
|
Pygmy rabbit
|
Brachylagus idahoensis
(formerly
Sylvilagus idahoensis)
|
|
Rabbit, domestic
|
Oryctolagus cuniculus
|
|
Raccoon
|
Procyon lotor
|
|
Red deer
|
Cervus elaphus
|
|
Red fox
|
Vulpes vulpes (formerly Vulpes fulvus)
|
|
Red squirrel
|
Tamiasciurus
hudsonicus
|
|
Red wolf
|
Canis rufus
|
|
Red-backed vole
|
Clethrionomys spp.
|
|
Redwood’s white-footed
mouse
|
Peromyscus spp.
|
|
Reindeer
|
Rangifer tarandus
|
|
Rhesus macaque
|
Macaca mulatta
|
|
Richardson’s ground
squirrel
|
Spermophilus
richardsonii
|
|
Ringed seal
|
Pusa hispida (fomerly Phoca hispida)
|
|
River otter
|
Lontra canadensis (formerly Lutra canadensis)
|
|
Rope squirrel
(Thomas’s rope squirrel)
|
Funisciurus anerythrus
|
|
Rusa deer (Timor deer)
|
Cervus timorensis
|
|
Sambar deer (sambar)
|
Cervus unicolor
|
|
Sawatch Meadow vole
|
Microtus
pennsylvanicus
|
|
Sea otter
|
Enhydra lutris
|
|
Sheep, domestic
|
Ovis aries
|
|
Snowshoe hare (varying
hare)
|
Lepus americanus
|
|
Sonoran white-footed
(deer) mouse
|
Peromyscus maniculatus
sonoriensis
|
|
Sooty mangabey
|
Cercocebus torquatus
atys
|
|
South American fur
seal
|
Arctocephalus
australis
|
|
Southern sea lion
|
Otaria flavescens (formerly Otaria byronia)
|
|
Southern sea otter
|
Enhydra lutris nereis
|
|
Steller’s sea lion
|
Eumetopias jubatus
|
|
Stoat (ermine)
|
Mustela erminea
|
|
Striped dolphin
|
Stenella coeruleoalba
|
|
Striped skunk
|
Mephitis mephitis
|
|
Subantarctic fur seal
|
Arctocephalus
tropicalis
|
|
Tahr
|
Hemitragus spp.
|
|
Tiger
|
Panthera tigris
|
|
Townsend’s ground
squirrel
|
Spermophilus
townsendii
|
|
Tree squirrels
|
Sciurus spp.
|
|
Tundra vole
|
Microtus oeconomus
|
|
Uinta ground squirrel
|
Spermophilus armatus
|
|
Vole (meadow vole, meadow
mouse)
|
Microtus
pennsylvanicus
|
|
Voles
|
Microtus spp.
|
|
Walrus
|
Odobenus rosmarus
|
|
Wandering shrew
(vagrant shrew)
|
Sorex vagrans
|
|
Wapiti
|
Cervus elaphus
|
|
Water buffaloes
|
Bubalus spp.
|
|
Water vole
|
Arvicola terrestris
|
|
West Indian manatee
|
Trichechus manatus
|
|
Western harvest mouse
|
Reithrodontomys
megalotis
|
|
Western jumping mouse
|
Zapus princeps
|
|
White-footed mouse
|
Peromyscus leucopus
|
|
White-lipped deer
(Thorold’s deer )
|
Cervus albirostris
|
|
White-tailed deer
|
Odocoileus virginianus
|
|
White-tailed
jackrabbit
|
Lepus townsendii
|
|
White-tailed prairie
dog
|
Cynomys leucurus
|
|
White-throated woodrat
|
Neotoma albiqula
|
|
Wild boar
|
Sus scrofa
|
|
Wild hogs
|
Sus scrofa
|
|
Wild pigs
|
Sus scrofa
|
|
Wild rats
|
Rattus spp.
|
|
Wild swine
|
Sus scrofa
|
|
Wind River pine
squirrel
|
Tamiasciurus hudsonicus
ventorum
|
|
Woodchuck
|
Marmota monax
|
|
Wyoming ground
squirrel
|
Spermophilus elegans
|
|
Yellow-bellied marmot
|
Marmota flaviventris
|
Reptiles
|
Common name
|
Scientific name
|
|
Bullsnake
|
Pituophis catenifer
|
|
Crocodiles
|
Osteolaemus spp. and Crocodylus spp.
|
|
Desert tortoise
|
Gopherus agassizii (formerly Scaptochelys agassizii)
|
|
Giant tortoise
(Galapagos tortoise)
|
Geochelone nigra
|
|
Gopher tortoise
|
Gopherus polyphemus (formerly Testudo polyphemus)
|
|
Green iguana
|
Iguana iguana
|
|
Green python
|
Morelia viridis
|
|
Green turtle (green
sea turtle)
|
Chelonia mydas
|
|
Loggerhead turtle
|
Caretta caretta
|
|
Royal python
|
Python regius
|
|
Soft-shelled turtle
(Chinese softshell turtle)
|
Pelodiscus sinensis (formerly Trionyx sinensis)
|
|
Spectacled caiman
|
Caiman crocodilus
|
|
Texas tortoise
|
Gopherus berlandieri (formerly Xerobates berlandieri)
|
Shellfish
|
Common name
|
Scientific name
|
|
Black abalone
|
Haliotis cracherodii
|
|
Blue mussel
|
Mytilus edulis
|
|
Eastern oyster
(American oyster)
|
Crassostrea virginica
|
|
Freshwater crab
|
Potamon potamios
|
|
Freshwater shrimp
|
Gammarus spp.
|
|
Lobster (American
lobster)
|
Homarus americanus
|
|
New Brunswick oyster
|
Crassostrea virginica
|
|
Pacific oyster
|
Crassostrea gigas
|
|
Penaeid shrimp
|
Penaeus spp.
|
|
Quagga mussel
|
Dreissena bugensis
|
|
Quahog (northern
quahog, hard clam)
|
Mercenaria mercenaria
|
|
Red abalone
|
Haliotis rufescens
|
|
Red swamp crayfish
|
Procambarus clarkii
|
|
Soft-shelled clam
(softshell clam)
|
Mya arenaria
|
|
Zebra mussel
|
Dreissena polymorpha
|
Sponges
|
Common name
|
Scientific name
|
|
Barrel sponges
|
Xestospongia spp.
|
|
Large barrel sponge
(giant barrel sponge)
|
Xestospongia muta
|
List of scientific names of plants
Grasses and Grass-like Plants
|
Common name
|
Scientific name
|
|
Alkali Sacaton
|
Sporobolus airoides
|
|
Barley, Foxtail
|
Hordeum jubatum
|
|
Bluegrass
|
Poa spp.
|
|
Bluegrass, Alkali
|
Poa juncifolia
|
|
Bluegrass, Kentucky
|
Poa pretensis
|
|
Bluegrass, Nevada
|
Poa nevadensis
|
|
Bluegrass, Sandberg’s
|
Poa secunda
|
|
Brome, Downy
|
Bromus tectorum
|
|
Brome, Mountain
|
Bromus carinatus
|
|
Brome, Red
|
Bromus rubens
|
|
Cheatgrass
|
Bromus tectorum
|
|
Cordgrass, Alkali
|
Spartina gracilis
|
|
Fescue, Idaho
|
Festuca idahoensis
|
|
Grama, Blue
|
Bouteloua gracilis
|
|
Hairgrass, Tufted
|
Deschampsia cespitosa
|
|
Muhly Grass
|
Muhlenbergia capillaris
|
|
Muttongrass
|
Poa fendleriana
|
|
Needle-and-thread
|
Hesperostipa comata
|
|
Needlegrass, Columbia
|
Achnatherum nelsonii
|
|
Needlegrass, Letterman’s
|
Achnatherum lettermanii
|
|
Needlegrass, Thurber’s
|
Achnatherum thurberianum
|
|
Needlegrass, Western
|
Achnatherum occidentale
|
|
Quackgrass
|
Elymus repens
|
|
Redtop
|
Agrostis gigantea
|
|
Ricegrass, Indian
|
Achnatherum hymenoides
|
|
Rush, Baltic
|
Juncus balticus
|
|
Rush, Spike
|
Eleocharis spp.
|
|
Saltgrass
|
Distichlis spicata
|
|
Saltgrass, Inland
|
Distichlis spicata
|
|
Sedge, Clustered Field
|
Carex praegracilis
|
|
Sedge, Nebraska
|
Carex nebrascensis
|
|
Sedge, Water-loving
|
Carex aquatilis
|
|
Squirreltail
|
Elymus spp.
|
|
Squirreltail, Bottlebrush
|
Elymus elymoides
|
|
Timothy, Alpine
|
Phleum alpinum
|
|
Wheatgrass, Bluebunch
|
Pseudoroegneria spicata
|
|
Wheatgrass, Crested
|
Agropyron cristatum
|
|
Wheatgrass, Slender
|
Elymus trachycaulus
|
|
Wheatgrass, Western
|
Pascopyrum smithii
|
|
Wildrye, Basin
|
Leymus cinereus
|
Forbs and Nonvascular Plants
|
Common name
|
Scientific name
|
|
Balsamroot
|
Balsamorhiza spp.
|
|
Bassia, Fivehook
|
Bassia hyssopifolia
|
|
Buckwheat, Beatley
|
Eriogonum beatleyae
|
|
Bulrush
|
Scirpus spp.
|
|
Cat-tail
|
Typha latifolia
|
|
Cinquefoil
|
Potentilla spp.
|
|
Clover, Sierra
|
Trifolium sp.
|
|
Cress, Hoary
|
Cardaria draba
|
|
Eriogonum
|
Eriogonum spp.
|
|
Forage Kochia
|
Bassia prostrata
|
|
Goldenweed
|
Haplopappus acaulis
|
|
Halogeton
|
Halogeton glomeratus
|
|
Hawksbeard
|
Crepis spp.
|
|
Iris, Wild
|
Iris missouriensis
|
|
Knapweed, Russian
|
Acroptilon repens
|
|
Knapweed, Spotted
|
Centaurea stoebe
|
|
Lahontan Beardtongue
|
Penstemon palmeri
|
|
Least Phacellia
|
Phacelia minutissima
|
|
Locoweed
|
Oxytropis lambertii
|
|
Lupine
|
Lupine spp.
|
|
Milkvetch, One-leaflet Torrey
|
Astragalus calycosus
|
|
Mint
|
Mentha spp.
|
|
Mustard, Tansy
|
Descurainia pinnata
|
|
Mustard, Wild
|
Sinapis arvensis
|
|
Nevada Willowherb
|
Epilobium nevadense
|
|
Onion
|
Allium sp.
|
|
Paintbrush, Monte Neva
|
Castilleja salsuginosa
|
|
Penstemon
|
Penstemon spp.
|
|
Phlox
|
Phlox spp.
|
|
Pickleweed
|
Salicornia sp.
|
|
Puncturevine
|
Tribulus terrestris
|
|
Ragwort, Tansy
|
Senecio jacobaea
|
|
Reedgrass
|
Calamagrostis spp.
|
|
Scarlet Globe-mallow
|
Sphaeralcea coccinea
|
|
Seepweed
|
Suaeda intermedia
|
|
Snakeweed
|
Gutierrezia spp.
|
|
Snakeweed, Broom
|
Gutierrezia sarothrae
|
|
Sorrel
|
Rumex acetosa
|
|
Spikerush
|
Elocharis spp.
|
|
Spurge, Leafy
|
Euphorbia esula
|
|
St. Johnswort, Common
|
Hypericum perforatum
|
|
Thistle, Bull
|
Cirsium vulgare
|
|
Thistle, Canada
|
Cirsium arvense
|
|
Thistle, Musk
|
Carduus nutans
|
|
Thistle, Russian
|
Salsola tragus
|
|
Thistle, Scotch
|
Onopordum acanthium
|
|
Watercress
|
Nasturtium officinale
|
|
Whitetop, Tall
|
Lepidium latifolium
|
|
Yarrow
|
Achillea spp.
|
Shrubs and Trees
|
Common name
|
Scientific name
|
|
Aspen, Quaking
|
Populus tremuloides
|
|
Bitterbrush, Antelope
|
Purshia tridentata
|
|
Bud Sagebrush
|
Picrothamnus desertorum
|
|
Ceanothus
|
Ceanothus sp.
|
|
Chokecherry
|
Prunus virginiana
|
|
Cottonwood, Black
|
Populus balsamifera var. trichocarpa
|
|
Fir, White
|
Abies concolor
|
|
Gooseberry
|
Ribes spp.
|
|
Greasewood
|
Sarcobatus spp.
|
|
Greasewood, Black
|
Sarcobatus vermiculatus
|
|
Greenstem Paperflower
|
Psilostrophe sparsiflora
|
|
Hemlock, Poison
|
Conium maculatum
|
|
Hopsage
|
Grayia spp.
|
|
Hopsage, Spiny
|
Grayia spinosa
|
|
Horsebrush, Littleleaf
|
Tetradymia glabrata
|
|
Iodine Bush
|
Allenrolfea occidentalis
|
|
Juniper, Utah
|
Juniperus osteosperma
|
|
Mahogany, Cur-leaf Mountain
|
Cercocarpus ledifolius
|
|
Manzanita
|
Arctostaphylos spp.
|
|
Mormon Tea
|
Ephedra spp.
|
|
Nevada Ephedra
|
Ephedra nevadensis
|
|
Pine, Limber
|
Pinus flexilis
|
|
Pinyon, Singleleaf
|
Pinus monophylla
|
|
Poison hemlock
|
Conium maculatum
|
|
Rabbitbrush
|
Chrysothamnus spp. and Ericameria spp.
|
|
Rabbitbrush, Douglas’
|
Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus
|
|
Rabbitbrush, Rubber
|
Chrysothamnus nauseosus
|
|
Rose, Wild
|
Rosa spp.
|
|
Sage, Mediterranean
|
Salvia aethiopis
|
|
Sagebrush
|
Artemisia spp.
|
|
Sagebrush, Basin Big
|
Artemesia tridentata tridentata
|
|
Sagebrush, Big
|
Artemisia tridentata
|
|
Sagebrush, Black
|
Artemisia nova
|
|
Sagebrush, Low
|
Artemisia arbuscula
|
|
Sagebrush, Mountain big
|
Artemesia tridentata ssp vaseyana
|
|
Sagebrush, Wyoming big
|
Artemesia tridentata spp. whyomingensis
|
|
Saltbush
|
Atriplex spp.
|
|
Saltbush, Four-wing
|
Atriplex canescens
|
|
Saltcedar (tamarisk)
|
Tamarix ramosissima
|
|
Serviceberry
|
Amelanchier utahensis
|
|
Shadscale
|
Atriplex confertifolia
|
|
Snowberry
|
Symphoricarpos albus
|
|
Willow
|
Salix spp.
|
|
Willow, Arroyo
|
Salix lasiolepis
|
|
Willow, Narrow-leaf
|
Salix exigua
|
|
Willow, Rock
|
Salix vestita
|
|
Winterfat
|
Krascheninnikovia lanata
|
End
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